GLONASS precise orbit determination with identification of malfunctioning spacecraft

Abstract Due to the continued development of GLONASS satellites, precise orbit determination (POD) still poses a series challenges. This study examines impact introducing analytical tube-wing model for GLONASS-M and box-wing GLONASS-K in hybrid POD strategies that consider both empirical parameters. We assess perturbing accelerations acting on spacecraft based model. All satellites are equipped with laser retroreflectors satellite ranging (SLR). apply SLR observations GNSS + combined solutions. The application significantly improves orbits, especially GLONASS-K, reducing STD residuals from 92.6 27.6 mm. Although metadata all reveal similar construction characteristics, we found differences offsets not only between GLONASS-M+ but also within series. Moreover, identify inferior solutions check if can improve them using observations. For SVN730, orbits determined solution is 48.7 diminishes 41.2 37.8 mm when observations, respectively. As result, as well reduce systematic errors affecting satellites.